Porcini mushrooms: benefits and harm to the body, calorie content, composition, is it possible for pregnant women

Mushroom dishes are not only a tasty addition to your daily diet, but also a decoration for any holiday table. Mushrooms are seasonal products, so it is not always possible to eat them fresh. In this case, they are used in dried form. Such mushrooms are not inferior in nutritional value to the fresh product and are slightly superior to it in some characteristics.

Dried mushrooms have a strong mushroom aroma, so they are often used in powder form as a seasoning. In addition, with a certain cooking technology, they can be given a fresh look and used for pickling. The consumption of dried mushrooms is recommended by nutritionists when following strict diets and during therapeutic nutrition.

What does porcini mushroom look like and where does it grow?

The porcini mushroom belongs to the Borovikov genus. It occupies a leading position in the list of the most useful mushrooms. It is difficult to confuse him with other representatives of the forest world. It got its name due to the preservation of the white color of the pulp after heat treatment. Other mushrooms turn black during cooking.

The diameter of the cap of the fruiting bodies ranges from 7 to 30 cm, depending on age. The height of the leg is 7-10 cm. It is barrel-shaped and has a white or grayish color. The color of the cap can be dark or light brown. In young specimens it has a slightly convex shape, and over time it becomes flat. In dry weather, cracks appear on the cap, and after rain it becomes covered with a slimy film. The boletus pulp is dense and juicy.

The benefits of the product are most pronounced for older people

The porcini mushroom can survive in almost any conditions, except severe drought and frosty winters. Most often it is found in coniferous-deciduous forests. The likelihood of finding it under a tree over 50 years of age is much higher. Porcini mushrooms also love mosses and lichens, but do not prefer peat bogs and swamps. Active growth occurs from June to September. Collection takes place in August or September.

Properties of boletus

This “king of mushrooms” got its name for a reason. It is considered the most nutritious, with excellent taste, attractive and appetizing aroma. It is thanks to these properties that it is highly valued by chefs.

Depending on the place of growth and age, the mushroom cap may have a light yellow or dark brown color. For example, boletus mushrooms growing in a pine forest have a dark cap.

Since, due to inexperience, the white mushroom, the benefits of which significantly exceed those of other mushrooms, can easily be confused with inedible ones, it is important to know its main characteristics. Firstly, the lower cap of the boletus may have a green and yellow tint. Its pulp should be white and not bitter in taste.

Chemical composition and nutritional value of porcini mushroom

Porcini mushrooms contain many nutrients. That is why it is difficult to overestimate their health benefits. In addition, the product has a fairly pleasant taste.

The composition contains the following useful components:

• amino acids;
• polysaccharides;
• vitamins of groups C, B, PP and E;
• lecithin;
• trace elements (manganese, iron, fluorine, cobalt, zinc, copper, iodine, sulfur);
• macroelements (calcium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium);
• alimentary fiber.

What vitamins are in porcini mushrooms

The benefits of the product for the body are due to its rich vitamin composition. It contains a record riboflavin content. It is responsible for the condition of the skin, nails and hair and stabilizes the functioning of the thyroid gland. Vitamin A improves the absorption of iron and restores energy resources. Vitamin PP participates in redox reactions, thereby normalizing metabolism. Vitamin E in the product provides powerful antioxidant effects and protects the body from free radicals. Ascorbic acid, in turn, has a pronounced immunostimulating effect.

How many calories are in porcini mushrooms?

Despite their high nutritional value, boletus mushrooms can be an excellent option for dietary nutrition. They are quite filling, but do not affect the figure. The calorie content per 100 grams of porcini mushrooms is 30 kcal. If you fry the product with the addition of vegetable oil, it will increase. The energy value of porcini mushrooms in the form of BZHU is displayed in the following ratio:

• proteins – 3.7 g;
• fats – 1.7 g;
• carbohydrates – 1.1 g.

Comment! The glycemic index of the product is 15 units.

Mushroom calorie table

© sasazawa — stock.adobe.com

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Mushrooms can be an excellent addition to any meat dish or side dish. Moreover, sometimes mushrooms can serve as an independent dish. When including them in your diet, it is worth considering their calorie content so as not to lose shape. And the mushroom calorie table presented below will help in this matter.

You can download the table so that it is always at hand and you can always check your calorie content right here.

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Author Ivan Tungusov

Project expert. Training experience - 12 years. A good theoretical basis on the training process and proper nutrition, which I am happy to put into practice. Need a recommendation? This is for me

Editorial team cross.expert

What are the benefits of porcini mushroom for the human body?

The presence of the product in the diet has significant health benefits. First of all, this concerns the immune system, which performs protective functions. In addition, metabolism improves and physical endurance increases. Experts especially recommend consuming boletus mushrooms for those who work in hazardous industries. They have the ability to remove harmful substances from the body. The benefits of porcini mushrooms are as follows:

• activation of brain activity;
• acceleration of recovery processes;
• normalization of the gastrointestinal tract;
• analgesic effect;
• hepatoprotective effect;
• stimulation of the production of granzymes and perforins;
• strengthening the immune system;
• help in losing weight without harming muscles;
• antiviral effect;
• antitumor effect.

To preserve the integrity of the fruiting bodies, a basket is used for collection.

Is it possible to eat porcini mushrooms while breastfeeding?

Many women are interested in the possibility of eating mushroom pulp while breastfeeding. Experts do not recommend adding it to the diet earlier than 4 months after delivery. This can cause colic and allergies in the baby. At a later age, the medicinal properties of porcini mushrooms will fully manifest themselves. But it is important to introduce the product in small portions, observing how the child reacts to it.

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Can pregnant women eat porcini mushrooms?

High nutritional value makes porcini mushrooms a unique product. You should not give them up during pregnancy. But it should be noted that in excessive quantities they can cause problems with stool and heaviness in the stomach. Mushrooms take a very long time to digest, making them inferior to animal protein sources. In addition, they are able to absorb toxic substances. To avoid the harmful effects of the product, the following rules must be observed:

• do not eat damaged and wormy fruit bodies;
• It is advisable to chop the product into small pieces;
• Cooking and stewing are allowed, but marinated and salted use is prohibited;
• heat treatment must be thorough;
• Before cooking, rinse boletus mushrooms thoroughly with running water.

Mushrooms: beneficial properties for the body

Mushrooms
In addition to their excellent taste, edible plants are also valued for their beneficial properties, which are ensured by their balanced composition. By eating only 200-300 g of mushrooms every day, an adult will satisfy the daily protein requirement. Also, lovers of these plants will not have any difficulty losing weight; they will be able to protect the heart, blood vessels, and even prevent cancer.

Substances contained in mushrooms are used to make antibiotics, including penicillin. Eastern medicine claims that kombucha is a natural medicine that relieves inflammation and pain. Traditional physicians prepare potions from fly agaric to treat nervous disorders, and from dung beetle - remedies for alcoholism. Chaga is used to create medicines for various tumors.

Dietary product

Mushrooms contain few calories, so they fit into any diet, and also normalize metabolism and stimulate the removal of excess fluid from the body. Plants go well with cereals and pasta. Such dishes reduce appetite and fill you up well. Due to the zinc content, mushroom dishes accelerate carbohydrate metabolism. You can eat them instead of meat - the benefits will be the same, but the body will not receive extra calories, which will subsequently settle on the waist and sides.

Hearty product

The calorie content of mushrooms is low, but it is a very nutritious product that makes you feel full for a long time. It’s enough to add a little butter or champignons to your regular lunch - and you won’t need snacks until dinner.

Reduced cravings for sweets

Mushrooms are an essential source of zinc for the human body. With a lack of this mineral, an irresistible desire appears to eat something sweet or drink alcohol. These problems can be solved by eating mushrooms regularly.

Benefits for men

Zinc, which is found in large quantities in mushrooms, improves potency. This is a good alternative for men who don't like seafood.

Strengthening the heart, blood vessels and immunity

Forest mushrooms
Mushroom dishes help strengthen the immune system. The antioxidant selenium, found in edible plants, is a natural remedy for the prevention of heart and vascular diseases. This substance normalizes blood pressure and helps remove “bad” cholesterol.

Many mushrooms contain a substance that lowers cholesterol levels in the blood. Most of it is in oyster mushrooms. You need to eat 50 g of them per day, then cholesterol will decrease by 10%.

Prevention of cancer and HIV infections

Scientists have proven that some types of mushrooms contain lenithan. This is a substance that provides effective prevention of the development of cancer. It also prevents the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from entering the body.

It is useful for women to eat champignons to prevent the development of breast cancer. They are especially rich in a substance that inhibits the functions of enzymes that synthesize estrogen.

At what age can children eat porcini mushrooms?

The rich content of nutrients in porcini mushrooms does not mean that they can be consumed uncontrollably. The digestive system of young children does not yet have the necessary enzymes to digest the product. It is permissible to introduce it into the diet only from 5 years. At the initial stages, eating dishes with a slight addition of mushrooms is encouraged. From the age of 7 you can eat pies with mushroom filling, casseroles and sauces. Eating boletus mushrooms as an independent dish is allowed only from 10 years of age.

Harm to the product

Dried mushrooms are very slowly and not completely absorbed by the body due to the fact that the fiber in them is saturated with quinine. The latter is not digested by the stomach, preventing the flow of gastric juices to food. The poor digestibility of any mushrooms is additionally due to the content of sparingly soluble protein.

Advice!
Dried mushrooms are a capricious product, because not all varieties of mushrooms are suitable for their preparation. Before drying, freshly picked mushrooms are checked for worms, rot, damage and lethargy. It may happen that a whole bucket of collected mushrooms will not be suitable for drying.

Nutritionists and doctors have recognized mushrooms as a difficult-to-digest food that is recommended only for healthy people.

You should not give large quantities of dishes based on dried mushrooms to children under 3 years of age and the elderly, and it is also not recommended to combine mushrooms with heavy foods such as meat, fish, and light carbohydrates.

Advice! Mushrooms quickly absorb atmospheric moisture, so they are stored in dry rooms in bags made of natural fabrics.

Benefits of dried porcini mushrooms

To preserve the benefits of the product for a long time, they are dried. Such preparations will allow you to enjoy your favorite dish at any time. The amount of useful substances during the drying process decreases slightly. The characteristic aroma and rich mushroom taste are also preserved.

The benefits of dried porcini mushrooms are as follows:

• assistance in the breakdown of fats;
• antitumor effect;
• strengthening the immune system;
• analgesic effect;
• hepatoprotective effect.

Dried mushroom pulp is considered a fairly good alternative to fresh. The protein in its composition is much better absorbed by the digestive system. If a person has diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, this option is most preferable.

Important! Dried mushrooms, crushed, can be used as a seasoning.

Benefits of boletus

Porcini mushroom, the benefits of which are almost limitless, stimulates digestion and improves the functioning of gastric juices. To do this, you need to eat boletus broth, which is considered more useful than regular meat broth.

Thanks to the vitamins contained in mushrooms, they are very useful for the functioning of the thyroid gland. They have a beneficial effect on the beauty and health of skin, hair, and nails.

Also important properties of porcini mushroom include tonic, wound healing, antibacterial and antitumor effects. For example, sulfur and polysaccharides will help in the fight against cancer.

Porcini mushroom, the benefits of which are known to everyone, contains lecithin as a beneficial component, which helps prevent the accumulation of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels. And this is very important for the prevention of atherosclerosis. In turn, amino acids act as assistants in the process of cell renewal, helping to activate the corresponding processes.

Boletus contains a lot of antioxidants, which are also very useful. It prevents viruses, bacteria and other harmful substances from entering the body.

Porcini mushroom, oddly enough, is used in medicine. Doctors note its particular effectiveness for tuberculosis, exhaustion of the body, and reduced metabolism. But the special aqueous extract it contains helps in solving problems associated with ulcers and frostbite.

Dried porcini mushroom acts as a source of protein, which is absorbed by the body by 80%. It also contains enzymes that help break down fats and glycogen. Dried porcini mushrooms can be used to prevent cancer, headaches, as well as for inflammatory processes and anemia. They strengthen the heart and body in general, and stimulate mental abilities.

The use of porcini mushrooms in medicine

Due to the huge number of beneficial properties, porcini mushrooms are common not only in cooking, but also in alternative medicine. Riboflavin in their composition helps to cope with diseases of the thyroid system. The complex of vitamins has a beneficial effect on the condition of nails, hair and skin. Lecithin, which is part of the product, ensures the prevention of atherosclerosis and anemia. It is able to break down cholesterol plaques formed in blood vessels.

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The use of porcini mushroom tincture is important for thrombophlebitis and varicose veins. It can be taken orally and used locally. Rubbing the lower extremities has a beneficial effect on blood circulation and eliminates discomfort.

Before use, it is important to thoroughly clean the fruiting bodies of dirt and debris.

For impotence and uterine fibroids, the drug is taken orally. Frequency – twice a day, 1 tbsp. l., after diluting the tincture with a small amount of warm water. For cardiovascular diseases, a single dosage is 1 tsp.

A decoction of porcini mushrooms can be used for hypertension and cholecystitis. It is taken 120 ml 1-2 times a day. In terms of nutritional value, it is in no way inferior to chicken broth. It is often used to speed up recovery processes after suffering serious illnesses.

Porcini mushrooms are also used against cancer as an addition to the main therapy. They have a general strengthening effect and remove toxic substances from the body. The desired effect is achieved due to the content of beta-glucan.

Calorie content of champignons

Champignons are the most accessible type of mushroom. For these gifts of nature, we often go not to the forest, but to the grocery store. The calorie content of champignons is 27 kilocalories per 100 grams. In terms of nutritional value and chemical composition, this species is not inferior to porcini mushrooms. There are almost no carbohydrates in champignons, vegetable oils are less than 1%, but proteins are 4.3%. The calories in champignons tend to be absorbed slowly. This product gives you a feeling of fullness quickly and for a long time. Thus, this type of mushroom can be included in the menu if you are overweight.

How porcini mushrooms are used in cosmetology

Porcini mushroom also successfully treats cosmetic problems. It acts as an effective rejuvenating and protective agent. Even in ancient Rome, the product was used to eliminate pimples and acne. In Asian countries it was used to combat wrinkles. It is believed that homemade masks based on porcini mushrooms make the skin smooth and elastic.

For many years, the benefits and harms of porcini mushroom decoction for hair have been studied. They were rinsed with a healing drink after the washing procedure. Hair became more shiny and manageable.

Harm of porcini mushroom and contraindications

Before you diversify your diet, you need to become familiar with not only the health benefits, but also the harms of porcini mushrooms. Unpleasant symptoms can occur if the heat treatment of the product is neglected. Specimens collected near industrial facilities and highways can also cause harm. Especially if they have absorbed mercury, lead and harmful fumes for a long time. Possible adverse reactions include the following:

• stomach ache;
• urge to vomit;
• stool disorder;
• dizziness;
• allergic reaction.

Since mushrooms are a fairly heavy product, not everyone is allowed to eat them. Contraindications include:

• disruption of the gastrointestinal tract;
• individual intolerance;
• age under 5 years;
• the first months of breastfeeding.

Attention! If an allergic reaction occurs, you should take an antihistamine.

How to select and store porcini mushrooms

When self-harvesting, the fruiting bodies are cut off with a sharp knife. To determine its quality, you should lightly press on the cap. It should make a characteristic crunch. Fruit bodies should not have visible damage or traces of worms. A similar analysis must be carried out before purchasing a product in a store or market. It should smell pleasant.

Important! It is advisable to make purchases from trusted sellers.

It is advisable to eat freshly picked mushrooms on the first day. They can be stored in the refrigerator for no longer than 5 days. When frozen, they retain their benefits throughout the year. The shelf life of the dried product can be up to 18 months.

White mushroom: recipes with photos

We suggest that you first familiarize yourself with the recipe for stewed boletus mushrooms in sour cream sauce. So, let's take:

• 1.5 kg boletus mushrooms;
• three bows;
• two tbsp. sour cream;
• one tbsp. butter;
• pepper;
• salt.

We clean good mushrooms (not wormy, not spoiled, etc.) dry. By the way, the caps are not cleaned, only the legs. Wash the mushrooms thoroughly with running water. Cut into 4 cm pieces. Fill with cold water, let it boil, skim off the foam, reduce the heat, cook for 10-15 minutes. Next, wash the mushrooms and set them aside to remove excess liquid.

Cut the onion into half rings. Fry in butter until slightly golden brown. Add boiled mushrooms, fry for 5 minutes, add salt and pepper. Add sour cream, stirring occasionally, simmer for 5 minutes. Cover with a lid and leave for 10 minutes.

If you have your own traditional recipe for cooking mushrooms, then you can use boletus mushrooms. And you will see how much tastier your dish will become.