The benefits and harms of pull-ups, is it possible to exercise on the horizontal bar every day?

What happens if you do pull-ups every day?

The benefits of doing pull-ups every day are much less than the harm. With daily exercise you can only achieve:

• overwork,
• decrease in progress
• “stagnation” in strength indicators.

It is difficult for overstrained and tired muscles to withstand intense loads, so it will not be possible to increase performance or achieve muscle definition with this approach. In addition, tired and tight tissues are much more likely to be injured. There is a risk of both sprains and tears. As a result, you will have to spend a lot of time recovering and the goal of increasing the number of pull-ups will fade into the background.

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Joints hurt after training - what to do?

7-Week Program: Phase II[edit | edit code]

Congratulations on moving to Phase II! This is a 7-week advanced program designed to dramatically increase the number of repetitions performed per workout.

At this point, you will get it to 85. In less than 50 days, you will be able to reach the incredible peak of 50 pull-ups in a row. Your progress in this program will be marked by several significant milestones: 25, 30 and 40 repetitions in one set. Conquering any of these heights will be cause for celebration—and some of you may want to make them your ultimate goal for this program. Fifty pull-ups without a break is an amazing achievement, and not everyone can do it. But don't expect your path to be easy. You will never reach this difficult goal if you do not eat, train and rest properly. The challenge of performing 50 pull-ups in a row may be difficult, but completing it will provide you with incredibly valuable experience.

WARNING

: Repeated repetition of any strength exercise can aggravate pain in muscles and joints, which will be caused by overload. Even with proper technique and a balanced training regimen, performing a large number of pull-ups has an extremely powerful impact on the body. DO NOT perform this exercise if you are experiencing pain or clicking in your shoulder or elbow joints. So please, before or during Phase II, give yourself as many days of rest as necessary to fully recover. All the hard work you've already put in will go down the drain if you overtrain and it results in injury. So be careful and train smart.

If you need extra rest between sets, take a break! The number of repetitions will increase significantly, so if your technique begins to deteriorate due to fatigue or shortness of breath, lower yourself to the floor and rest as long as necessary before continuing. If you feel severe pain, dizziness or exhaustion, stop exercising immediately and consult a doctor. If you need to break a set into two or more parts, do so, since the loads in phase II are really very large.

Phase II

• Maximizing an overhand grip means that you should perform as many pull-ups as you can with proper form. The desired number of repetitions is no less than in the second approach. The optimal one is the same as in the first one.
• Note. Rest and recovery are essential to the success of your programs, so rest days should be included in your schedule. Also, don't forget to warm up and stretch on your training days!

Control test for 50 pull-ups[edit | edit code]

Well, the moment of truth has come. This is why you have been training so hard these past weeks. To properly prepare, be sure to set aside at least two full days of rest, limiting yourself to light stretching. Some athletes choose to rest for three to five days, performing only a few easy sets on the third day of rest.

Prepare yourself for success mentally by visualizing yourself performing rep after rep without any problems and without stopping. Fill your body with water, do a thorough warm-up and stretching, focus and SHOW WHAT YOU CAN DO!

If you fail to complete the cherished 50 pull-ups on your first try, don’t lose heart—after all, the task at hand is actually incredibly difficult!

• If you have done more than 45 repetitions, rest for two to three days and try the test again when you feel completely ready.
• If the result is below 45 repetitions, continue the seventh week program until you can perform the same number of repetitions in the third, “maximum” approach as in the first. Then rest and take the test again!
• If you can do more than 50 pull-ups, then you are a true BEAST! Congratulations on a job well done and an amazing achievement!

Is it worth doing pull-ups every day?

Doing pull-ups on a horizontal bar every day is pointless even for a professional athlete. The fact that muscles are already accustomed to high loads does not guarantee that they will not become overstrained or stretched.

So is there any point in doing pull-ups every day? No. There is a simple explanation for this. Muscles do not grow during exercise, but during rest.

Muscle growth is ensured by the healing of microtraumas in the muscles that appear during muscle contraction and stretching during pull-ups. If you do pull-ups every day, your muscles will grow, but much slower than if you do pull-ups intermittently.

Muscles do not grow during exercise, but during rest.

Recommendations for classes

Let's listen to the advice of professionals who went from doing zero pull-ups to setting records and answer frequently asked questions.

What to do if you can never do a pull-up on the bar?

Use regular dumbbell and machine exercises to build muscle mass. But don’t forget that the key to muscle growth is proper nutrition.

If you are overweight, you will have to lose weight first. By creating a calorie deficit in your diet.

Use half-range pull-ups.

Secrets of pull-ups or how to do more pull-ups

As Brett Stewart, author of the book “50 Pull-Ups in 7 Weeks,” says: “You need to strictly follow the technique when doing pull-ups!” Only in this case can you properly load those muscles that will help you achieve your goal.

The duration of classes should be no more than 40 minutes per day.

Reduce the load during training if you feel that you do not have time to recover.

What exercises can you do on the bar?

• To make pull-ups easier, use an expander
• A great exercise is low bar pull-ups.

How many rest days should there be between workouts?

For example, at your last workout you overdid it and the next day you felt severe pain in your muscles, rather than moderate discomfort. In such situations, it is recommended to rest not even one, but 2-3 days.

Different muscles have different recovery times:

• 4-5 days – for large back muscles;
• 3-4 days – for medium muscles (deltoid);
• 1-2 days – small arm muscles.

Muscles become ready for stress only after proper rest.

Until the muscle pain goes away, it is not recommended to do pull-ups again. It is better to choose lighter exercises to speed up the removal of lactic acid from muscle tissue. It is equally important to combine pull-ups with exercises for other muscle groups: the abs and legs.

Another rest break depends on the pull-up technique. If it is complex and varied, then you should rest for at least 2 days. Beginners are recommended to pull themselves up from a “medium grip” position, when their hands are placed at shoulder level. Wide and narrow grips are more difficult, so they should be introduced in the future as you master simpler techniques.

How to make push-ups effective?

Push-ups are considered one of the simplest and most effective exercises for keeping your body in shape. You can perform the exercise in different ways: either according to a special program or several approaches every day. Anton has repeatedly demonstrated both methods in his videos.

You won't be able to progress if you do the exercises dullly. You have to approach your training as if you were a boxer and this is your last fight. It shouldn't be like, "Damn, when is this training going to end." You need crazy eyes, you need to be on fire. Everything here depends solely on the mood.

Sporpitis to help joints and speed up recovery

To recover more effectively after training, you can not only reduce the load and increase rest time. The following will help you regain your strength and replenish your energy reserves faster:

• gainers;
• BCAA;
• protein;
• glutamine;
• creatine

The following sports supplements will be beneficial directly for joints and ligaments:

1. Hyaluronic acid. It is part of synovial fluid, which acts as a natural lubricant for joints and prevents friction of its parts against each other. We recommend that you study in more detail how hyaluronic acid is beneficial for joints.
2. Complex chondoprotectors. Effective preparations, including components necessary for the health of joints, ligaments and bones. These are chondroitin, glucosamine, collagen, curcumin, etc. The balanced composition of the supplements allows you to provide the joints with all the necessary nutrients.
3. Collagen. One of the most important components of ligaments, cartilage and bones. When taking collagen, joints become stronger and their mobility increases. The substance exists in several forms. Therefore, we advise you to study in more detail the question of which collagen is best for joints.
4. MSM. Supports collagen synthesis in the body and participates in the production of proteins, and also strengthens bone tissue. Information about whether it is worth taking MSM for joints will help you understand the issue in more detail.
5. Curcumin. A substance derived from turmeric that has strong anti-inflammatory properties. We suggest studying how curcumin is good for joints.

Speed ​​of achieving results

So, we have dealt with the technical side of the issue. But there is one more point that is very important for any business - willpower and patience.

Increasing the number of pull-ups is not a quick process. You need to constantly overcome yourself, force yourself to go to the crossbar.

No technique will help you quickly increase the number of pull-ups. Strength is not a parameter that can be pumped up in a short time.

Therefore, take the process seriously and do not rush to panic if your results do not improve after a week. Muscle development occurs gradually; it is important not to quit halfway.

Some more useful tips

If pulling up is still difficult, you can use sports equipment. Very often, athletes use a rubber loop, which takes part of the load from the body weight upon itself. It is also useful to use gloves during pull-ups for greater comfort. They will help protect the wrist joint from dislocation, and also protect the skin from calluses and damage. The grip will be stronger and more correct.

Another important condition is proper breathing. At the bottom point you need to take a deep breath, and at the top, when your chin is on the bar, exhale. Many people make the mistake of inhaling at the top. In fact, this is incorrect from a pull-up technique point of view.

The optimal number of workouts is 3 times a week with a break of at least 1 day. With this approach, you can achieve better results. To pump up not only triceps, we advise you to study a detailed training program in the gym for men (with nutritional rules).

Don't miss interesting news and events in the telegram channel: https://tlgg.ru/fitbarnews

Choice of weights

For beginners, we do not recommend lifting weights right away. Work out with your own weight for at least a month, strengthen your muscles, and increase the number of pull-ups in one approach to at least 10–15.

Regular backpack

Once you have sufficiently strengthened your muscles by training with your own weight, you can begin training with weights.

Take an ordinary backpack and put a few bottles of water in it. Using bottles you can load up to 20 kg (provided the backpack is large enough). Instead of bottles, you can use a bag of sand or any other heavy objects.

Always start your workout with a warm-up. The scheme of work is as follows: first you do 8–10 repetitions without weight. Then you work with weights, trying to pull yourself up 6-8 times, depending on the exercise.

You can increase the weights in each approach, but it is better to work with the same weight in one workout.

Weight belt or vest

A weight belt is a regular leather belt with a rope or chain running down from it. At its free end, this chain or rope is equipped with a device through which it can be secured to a belt. Thus, pancakes are put on a rope or chain, and the free edge is fixed to the belt. When you stand up, the weight will be concentrated between your legs.

This is convenient for training with additional weights: pull-ups and dips. However, if you have a weak lower back, it is better to replace the belt with a special weighted vest.

Features of the influence of various sports on the gastrointestinal tract

Summary . Every person who is intensely involved in sports has at least once encountered problems with the gastrointestinal tract during competitions or training. The physical condition of an athlete is one of the key factors in achieving their goals, and somatic disorders can interfere with obtaining the desired results. When studying gastrointestinal symptoms in athletes, three groups of causes for their occurrence were identified: physiological, mechanical and associated with nutrition. Timely identification and correction of disorders that arise during physical activity ensure an increase in the quality of life of athletes and the maintenance of high results. The rapid growth in the number of people actively involved in sports in recent years has led to the fact that the function of medical supervision and provision of recommendations on rational nutrition when playing sports is becoming part of the work of primary care doctors, as a result of which it becomes important to study the characteristics of the influence of intense physical activity on organs and systems. The review article presents data on the etiology and mechanisms of the formation of gastrointestinal symptoms in athletes during training and discusses recommendations for preventing their occurrence.

Sport is a part of many people's lives. Every athlete dreams of achieving high results, but various difficulties may arise on the way to them. Factors that can negatively impact an athlete's performance include problems related to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Gastrointestinal symptoms are especially common among marathon runners, triathletes and long-distance cyclists. According to statistics, 30-90% of marathon and ultramarathon runners experience intestinal problems. It is worth noting that the nature of abdominal symptoms varies from mild to severe. In many cases, this affects the athlete’s performance and can lead to withdrawal from the race or loss in competitions. All this affects the psychological state of the athlete and his future professional activities. Therefore, a very promising area of ​​sports and internal medicine is the study of the mechanisms of formation of gastrointestinal symptoms during physical activity, as well as the development of recommendations for their correction and prevention. This article summarizes and systematizes modern ideas about the etiology and pathogenesis of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with exercise, and possible approaches to solving this problem.

Analyzing the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in athletes is difficult and involves a number of nuances. Firstly, the information available in the literature reflecting the state of this issue is very heterogeneous in relation to the studied populations: by gender, age, training status of the athlete, as well as environmental conditions, regime and intensity of physical activity. Thus, F. Brouns, E. Beckers found that 30-50% of athletes participating in long-distance competitions experienced problems with the digestive tract [1]. In a study by AE Jeukendrup et al. It was found that 93% of triathletes, after long running in extreme conditions, had complaints from the digestive system [2]. In an observational study by RW ter Steege et al. of 1281 long-distance runners, 45% reported experiencing at least one gastrointestinal symptom [3]. Secondly, an important factor influencing the study of the true prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders associated with exercise is the presence of a history of any disease of the digestive tract. It has been shown that individuals with pre-existing digestive diseases are more likely to experience gastrointestinal symptoms during exercise [4]. It is also difficult to unambiguously interpret the subjective assessment of the severity of the symptom by the athlete himself. It is believed that severe symptoms will include those that affect performance and/or health [5].

From the point of view of a rational approach to the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with exercise, an important task is to clearly understand the cause of their development. Obviously, the etiology of gastrointestinal disorders is multifactorial, but all causes can be divided into three large groups: physiological, mechanical or nutrition-related [5, 6].

Physiological reasons

The main pathophysiological mechanism for the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms in athletes is ischemia of the digestive organs. Impaired gastrointestinal perfusion during exercise ranges from mild circulatory changes to profound organ ischemia. Therefore, the consequences of hypoperfusion will vary in each individual case. The development of ischemia is preceded by the release of adrenaline from nerve endings during intense exercise, when it binds to the corresponding receptors in the arteriolar wall, vasoconstriction occurs, which leads to an increase in vascular resistance. While in organs with increased activity (heart, lungs, skin, active muscles), resistance, on the contrary, decreases, resulting in a redistribution of blood. At maximum loads, blood supply to the gastrointestinal tract can decrease by 80% [7]. This in turn can cause pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea [5, 7], although there is no conclusive evidence for this.

It has been suggested that ischemia of the digestive tract may be a cause of transient exercise-induced abdominal pain [8]. It has been established that in healthy people, ischemia develops against the background of heavy physical activity, but transient abdominal pain associated with it can occur during low-intensity physical exercise [9]. Therefore, ischemia is not a pathogenetic factor in the development of transient abdominal pain caused by exercise.

It has been established that during physical exercise the motility of the gastrointestinal tract can change at various levels. Thus, in the upper sections, peristalsis of the esophagus may slow down, the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter may decrease, and temporary relaxation of the lower sphincter will be prolonged, which can lead to gastroesophageal reflux [10].

The effect of exercise on the small and large intestine is currently not fully understood. KA Rao et al. in their study of 13 runners, they examined the relationship between changes in gastrointestinal motility during exercise and their impact on the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms. To do this, all participants in the experiment were divided into 2 groups: the first included 7 athletes who complained of abdominal pain, and the second - control - consisted of 6 athletes who did not experience gastrointestinal symptoms during physical activity. Subjects were asked to take a pH-sensitive radiotelemetry capsule for transient passage through all parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Based on the recording from a special sensor, which was connected to this capsule with a signal, it was possible to evaluate intestinal motility. Based on the study, the authors concluded that small intestinal transit ranged from 3.5 to 10.6 hours in both study groups. The measured variations in transit through the small intestine in athletes from the control group during the rest period ranged from 3.5 to 10.6 hours, and during physical activity - from 3.0 to 8.7 hours (p = 0.91); corresponding transit times for symptomatic athletes ranged from 4.0 to 6.6 hours during rest and 4.6 to 7.3 hours during exercise (p = 0.27). The main finding of this study was that GI transit times were similar between the five control athletes and the six complaining athletes, five of whom had gut symptoms during exercise [11].

Another group of scientists led by PD Neufer determined the effect of a sharp rise in ambient temperature, acclimatization to heat and hypohydration on the rate of gastric emptying. The experiment involved 10 physically healthy men who were asked to drink 400 ml of water before each 15-minute workout; the exercise cycle was repeated 5 times. The study was carried out at different ambient temperatures - 18, 35 and 49 degrees Celsius. Participants were also dehydrated before each phase of the study. Based on the results of the experiment, the following conclusions were drawn: exercise in a hot (49 °C) environment worsens the rate of gastric emptying compared to a temperature of 18 °C, exercise in a warm (35 °C) environment slightly reduces gastric emptying before or after acclimation to heat, but exercise in a warm environment (35 °C) with hypohydration are accompanied by a decrease in the rate of gastric emptying and secretion. Decreased gastric emptying appears to be associated with stress due to changes in ambient temperature [12]. A study conducted by the American College of Sports Medicine demonstrated the significant role of dehydration in combination with exercise in the development of gastrointestinal symptoms and slow bowel movements [13].

An important area of ​​research into exercise-related gastrointestinal symptoms is the analysis of changes in intestinal mucosal permeability during intense exercise. Oktedalen et al. reported increased intestinal permeability after a marathon [14]. There are many methods to assess intestinal permeability, but information is limited to date. In a study involving 20 athletes, M. A. Nieuwenhoven et al. When assessing the performance of the gastrointestinal tract (bowel motility and bowel movement, permeability and rate of glucose absorption) during exercise, they concluded that intestinal permeability increased with running (p = 0.005) and was higher in athletes with gastrointestinal symptoms (p = 0.008) [ 15]. In contrast, in another study, triathletes under extreme conditions, in which gastrointestinal symptoms were widespread, did not experience intestinal barrier dysfunction as measured by changes in lipopolysaccharide levels. This method is a marker of mucosal damage and the penetration of gram-negative intestinal bacteria and/or their toxic components (endotoxins) into the bloodstream [16]. More research is needed to get a clearer picture of the causes of gastrointestinal distress.

Mechanical reasons

The mechanical causes of problems in the gastrointestinal tract are associated with the specific actions of the athlete. This is explained by the fact that running involves repetitive movements associated with strong shocks and impacts, which can damage the intestinal mucosa. Mechanical trauma to the intestine from repetitive running combined with intestinal ischemia leads to abdominal pain and other intestinal symptoms [17].

In cyclists, posture plays an important role, since due to the bent position there is increased pressure on the abdomen, especially in the aerial position, thereby increasing the prevalence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms [18].

A recent epidemiological study conducted on a cohort of US high school students found that, overall, athlete-related abdominal injuries are rare, but they do occur [19]. Abdominal injuries in athletes can range in severity from mild abdominal distension to significant organ rupture and internal bleeding.

Diet-related reasons

Nutrition is one of the main factors in the development of gastrointestinal symptoms [5, 6, 20]. The relationship between eating habits (eating habits/dietary intake) and the development of gastrointestinal symptoms was demonstrated in their study by Rehrer et al. Scientists surveyed 50 male triathletes after completing an Iron Man competition. All athletes who ate within 30 minutes before the start of the competition vomited during the swim. Nausea and vomiting were also observed in those who ate fatty or protein foods before the start. All patients with intestinal cramps ate foods rich in fiber before the competition [21].

Highly concentrated carbohydrate solutions can delay gastric emptying and cause fluid to move into the intestinal lumen, thereby triggering gastrointestinal symptoms. There have been several studies on this issue, but they were with small samples. In a study by Wallis et al. reported more severe gastrointestinal symptoms in women with high carbohydrate intake (1.0 or 1.5 g/min) than in women with low intake (0 or 0.5 g/min) during exercise [22] . In a larger study of 221 athletes competing in marathons, iron man races, or other long-distance events, carbohydrate intake was also positively correlated with participants' nausea and flatulence [23]. It can be assumed that it is not simply the consumption of carbohydrates that causes gastrointestinal symptoms, but a complex interaction of a number of factors, such as the concentration of carbohydrates, their type, osmolarity and acidity of the drink.

It should be noted that carbohydrate intake may help maintain plasma glucose concentrations and prevent hypoglycemia, preserve liver glycogen stores, and in some cases slow muscle glycogen depletion. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on what amount and what concentration of carbohydrates can prevent the development of gastrointestinal symptoms. AE Jeukendrup et al. Based on the results of a study involving 20 healthy men, they concluded that with an increase in glucose concentration above 6%, the rate of water transport through the intestinal wall decreases, as osmolarity in the intestinal lumen increases, thereby retaining water. However, the sodium content in solutions did not affect fluid transport through the intestinal wall [24]. In the International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, Xiaocai Shi et al. published a study that looked at the effects of different carbohydrate concentrations on the development of gastrointestinal symptoms in athletes during intermittent high-intensity exercise. The double-blind, randomized study involved 36 athletes who were asked to consume 6% or 8% carbohydrate-electrolyte drinks during four 12-minute bouts of intense circuit training involving running and jumping. The cumulative index of gastrointestinal discomfort was higher with an 8% carbohydrate-electrolyte drink compared with a 6% carbohydrate drink (<0.05). On average across all 4 exercise cycles, the use of an 8% carbohydrate-electrolyte drink was more often associated with gastrointestinal symptoms (p < 0.05) [25].

X. Shi et al. assessed the effectiveness of various carbohydrate solutions in restoring fluid balance after exercise. The study involved 9 people who were dehydrated by 1.99 ± 0.07% of body weight as a result of intermittent exercise in the heat. 30 minutes after stopping exercise, subjects drank as desired for 120 minutes. The drinks contained 31 mmol/L Na+ as NaCl and 0%, 2% or 10% glucose with mean osmolarities of 74 ± 1, 188 ± 3 and 654 ± 4 mOsm/kg, respectively. The authors concluded that hypertonic carbohydrate-electrolyte solutions are as effective in restoring fluid balance in the body as hypotonic carbohydrate-electrolyte solutions [26].

Glucose transport across the brush border occurs via the sodium-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT1), whereas fructose is taken up by GLUT5. It has been established that taking a combined solution (glucose + fructose) increases gastric emptying and “fluid delivery” compared to a solution of glucose alone [27].

There is still no consensus on the ideal glucose/fructose ratio to prevent gastrointestinal problems. Wendy J. O'Brien examined the effects of varying carbohydrate concentrations on athletes' performance in a randomized, double-chain study. Participants were 10 cyclists who, during physical activity, consumed one of the following drinks: sweetened water or a carbohydrate-saline solution containing fructose and maltodextrin in various proportions (4.5% and 9%, 6% and 7.5%, and 7.5 % and 6% respectively). The author concluded that a carbohydrate-saline solution containing fructose (6%) and maltodextrin (7.5%) caused the least amount of stomach discomfort [28].

It is hypothesized that the gut may be "trainable" to reduce gastrointestinal distress. The main way is to increase the absorption capacity of the intestine, since in this case less highly concentrated carbohydrates will remain in the intestinal lumen, and this can prevent the development of symptoms. A study by Cox et al. well demonstrated the adaptive capacity of the intestine. Under observation were 16 athletes involved in cycling or triathlon, who were randomized into 2 groups: some drank just water for 28 days during exercise, and others drank a glucose solution (10%). At the end of physical activity on day 1 and days 24-28, the rate of oxidation of substances in working muscles was assessed. The authors concluded that in the high-carbohydrate beverage group, there was an increase in overall substrate oxidation after a month of “gut training,” suggesting that the gut is trainable and can be adapted to absorb more substances [29].

GP Lambert et al. assessed fluid tolerance during repeated drinking sessions during running. During five series of races, the subjects drank a volume of solution every 10 minutes equal to the fluid lost through sweat. After processing the results, the authors concluded that drinking a given volume of water (during intense exercise) helps prevent the development of gastrointestinal symptoms during exercise, while the rate of gastric emptying does not change under such conditions [30].

Conclusion

Based on the totality of the data reviewed, we can conclude that a fairly large number of athletes in their professional activities encounter gastrointestinal symptoms, which can negatively affect their performance and achievement of high results. It is very important to correctly assess the manifestations of various gastrointestinal symptoms, since some of them do not pose much danger, while others can cause serious health problems. An actual solution to prevent unwanted symptoms may be the use of the correct concentration of highly concentrated carbohydrates and the correct choice of their type, following the principles of rational nutrition. Eating multiple tolerable carbohydrates is a good strategy for improving performance, likely due to a reduction in gastrointestinal distress as fewer residual carbohydrates remain in the gut. “Training” the gut with high intakes of highly concentrated carbohydrates may increase absorptive capacity and likely prevent the development of gastrointestinal symptoms.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST. The authors of the article have confirmed that there is no conflict of interest to disclose.

CONFLICT OF INTERESTS. Not declared.

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V. A. Akhmedov1, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor D. A. Gavrilenko

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Omsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Omsk, Russia

1Contact information

DOI: 10.26295/OS.2021.13.29.005

Peculiarities of the influence of playing various sports on the organs of the gastrointestinal tract / V. A. Akhmedov, D. A. Gavrilenko For citation: Akhmedov V. A., Gavrilenko D. A. Peculiarities of the influence of playing various sports on the organs of the gastrointestinal tract // Attending doctor. 2021; 2 (24): 26-29. Tags: abdominal pain, athletes, physical activity, quality of life